Patterns and Seasonality of ECMO Referrals in the UK

ECMO is an advanced life support modality acting as an external heart and lungs for patients in whom these organs are failing.
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ECMO in the UK is delivered by a highly coordinated eight-centre network with their catchment areas based on population density in 2011, the year the network was commissioned.

Demographic changes and the addition of new ECMO centres since 2011 implies that the pressures on the ECMO network may have changed. It is therefore uncertain whether the current network configuration and catchment areas remain optimal for ensuring equitable access and efficient resource distribution. Understanding how referral patterns have evolved in the post-pandemic period is therefore essential to evaluating whether the UK ECMO network continues to meet population need.

This project aims to:

  1. Provide a longitudinal and seasonal analysis of all ECMO referrals recorded on Refer-a-Patient (RaP) to the entire network from 03/2020 to 06/2025.
  2. Conduct a pooled analysis of ECMO referrals to the Royal Brompton Hospital (RBH) from 04/2019 to 06/2025.

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