1. While most students support Ukraine financially or via social media, actively engaged individuals are involved in diverse organisational forms—formal civil society, student groups, and informal networks—focusing on education, culture, and support for Ukraine’s armed forces. 

2. Social responsibility, patriotism, and an anti-imperialist stance dominate, alongside powerful personal drivers such as guilt, loss of loved ones at the front, and, for some, the search for community and future return to Ukraine. 

3. Over half see their immediate future outside Ukraine; in five years, many imagine themselves in Poland or elsewhere. Most want to contribute to Ukraine’s reconstruction—but on their own terms, without compromising their professional development. 

4. Students see themselves as highly diverse; some as very active and politically conscious, others as more focused on “living their own lives” and supporting mainly through donations. 

5. Many are aware of anti-Ukrainian narratives, yet most still view Poles and Ukrainians as being “on the same side” against a common enemy, Russia. These perceptions only slightly shift migration plans.